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President of the United States Donald TrumpThe administration of the administration has deported thousands of undocumented immigrants since he took office last month, in repression, which critics claim to violate the rights of immigrants for a proper process.
During its first month of service, the Trump administration has deported 37,660 people, according to data from the US Department of Interior Security, often in their country of origin, but sometimes to third countries.
Several Central America countries have accepted deportation flights. While their own citizens form the bigger part of those coming from the United States, these nations also allowed the Trump administration to send citizens to others, mainly Asian countries, including India, Pakistan and Iran. Last week, about 300 deportes arrived in Panama and over 100 arrived in Costa Rica, two countries said. The US did not release official details on the number of flights and the exact number of immigrants.
But why do Trump sends deported to third countries instead of their sides of origin? And why do these countries accept the deportes?
Which third countries accept deportation flights from the US?
Last week, Panama became the first country to accept 119 deported from other countries.
On February 13, Panam President Jose Raul Mulino said migrants were from countries, including China, Uzbekistan, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Mulino said it was the first of the expected three flights, and about 360 such deporteds are expected to arrive in Panama.
Panama Franko Security Minister said on February 18 that 299 foreign deported were detained at a hotel, which shows that more deported in Panama, as the first flight landed the previous week. These migrants were from 10 countries, including Iran, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Afghanistan and China.
At least 135 people, including children, from Uzbekistan, China, Afghanistan and Russia, arrived in the capital of Costa Rica, San Jose, on February 20.
The United States transported 177 Venezuelan migrants from its military base in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba Of Honduras on February 20. From there, the Venezuelan authorities flew them to the capital of Venezuela, Caracas, on the flag conveyance.
Why does Trump deport people in third countries instead of their country of origin?
Experts have offered many reasons.
“This is more expensive, limits access to US rights (for migrants), and aims to send a message to future asylum seekers and other migrants not to come,” says Michel Mittelsta, Director of Communications at the Institute for Migration Policy, to Al Jazeera.
Tanya Golash-Boza, CEO of the California Center of California University, said that until she had seen an official explanation why migrants were being sent to third countries, “it is reasonable to accept that DHS is doing so because their detention centers are full.”
US immigration and customs law enforcement facilities (ICE) have a capacity of 38,521 beds, but retain nearly 42,000 migrants, CBS News reports, citing internal DHS data. Against the backdrop of a recent attack on migrant arrests, ICE released some immigrants earlier this month, CBS reported.
Golish-Boza told Al Jazeera that after the migrants leave us the soil, “they lose access to any resemblance to rights they may have had because of their presence in the United States.”
Mittelsta explained that the deportes sent to third countries have no protection under US law. She added that in third countries, international protection standards, “including non -unferted”, may not be maintained. Non -impression is the principle of international law that prohibits a party from sending an individual back to a nation that escapes if this place is dangerous to them.
As for the countries deported by countries with which the United States has no strong official diplomatic relations, these nations from Central America serve as another purpose for the Trump administration.
“Trump uses Honduras and can use others because the US has no decent relations with Venezuela, but Honduras is doing and is useful between them,” said Clive Stafford Smith, a human rights lawyer, before Al Jazera.
Early ICE quoted countries, including India, Pakistan and China as “non -judicial”, but Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi said he was “fully prepared” to take back undocumented immigrants during a visit to the White House in February.
According to Smith, 195 migrants were conducted in Guantanamo, of which 177 were sent to Venezuela and one sent to the United States, with 17 remaining to the facility.
Smith had told Al Jazeera that the detainees in Guantanamo “have all the legitimate rights of (US) residents there, including the entire constitution and the right to a suitable court.”
He recently said the Trump administration is taking people to the detention center to scare them.
“This is the most famous prison for torture in the world -after which they will propose a fewer objections to leave and go back, eventually in their home countries,” he said. “The Trump Administration is trying to bring the people from Guantanamo before we have time to put them in appropriate courts.”
During his first term between 2019 and 2020, Trump sent immigrants on a flight to Guatemala, but this operation was stopped because of the Covid-19 pandemic. Many human rights organizations have opposed the placement of migrants in countries to which they have no connection.
Pro -Migrants Rights, including the non -profit US Civil Rights Organization, the US Civil Freedom Union (ACLU), filed a lawsuit against Trump for this plan. Trump's first term has ended before the case is decided and the case was detained until the Biden administration changes the government's policies.
Why did third parties agree to take deported?
Central America countries have agreed to take on foreign political and economic pressure from Trump, analysts say.
Costa President Rica Rika Chavez said his country was helping the “economically powerful brother from the north” while talking to reporters on Wednesday, in an allusion to the non -compliance in power that allows the United States to force the smaller neighbors.
Panamani are too faced by Trump, who promised to acquire Panama channel, One of the most busy water channels in the world that connects the Pacific and the Atlantic.
The deals with Costa Rica and Panama were announced earlier this month when US Secretary of State Marco Rubio visited Central America countries. Some observers believe the two sides have agreed after being threatened with tariffs. Trump already has tariffs In China, Canada and Mexico and uses tariffs as a leverage against others.
Trump threatened 25 percent of tariffs for all Colombian goods after Bogota refused to accept two US military aircraft carrying Colombian deporting last month. Initially, Colombian President Gustavo Petro replied, threatening the vengeful tariffs, but eventually gave way and agreed to accept deportation flights. Colombia was spared by the tariffs.
Where will the third -party deportes go?
Deportes will be held in third countries until their repatriation is agreed.
The deported in Panama are held in rooms at the Decapolis Hotel in Panama City, guarded by police. Videos made outside the transparent windows showed some migrants who hold signs that say “help us” and “We are not safe in our country.” Others used hand gestures to show that they were deprived of their freedoms. On February 19, news emerged that a Chinese woman Jean Lidgean had fled the hotel and the police were searching for her.
The Panama authorities said more than 40 percent of these migrants do not want to return to their country of origin, citing security concerns, among other reasons.
Panama Abrego Security Minister said 171 of the 299 deporters agreed to return to their country of origin, and at least 13 had already done so, according to authorities.
Migrants who refuse to return to their countries of origin are held at a camp in the remote province of Darien, who shares the border with Colombia. A statement on February 19th Panama's Security Ministry said that 97 such migrants were transferred to Darien camp.
Migrants in Costa Rica will be detained for up to six weeks at a farm holding facility near the Panama border. Subsequently, they will be taken back to their country of origin, according to Omer Badila, Deputy Minister of the Interior and Costa Rica police. The operation will be funded by the United States.
“The countries receiving these returning ones are temporarily confronted with significant challenges in delaying and returning them, and there is no contemplation of asylum in these countries,” said Mitteltat of the Institute of Migration Policy.
“While these countries are described as a” bridge “, in fact, they are a dead end for those returning.”
